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St. John Chrysostom, Pt. 1 – The Doctors of the Church: The Charism of Wisdom with Dr. Matthew Bunson
- Born: 347 AD, Antioch, Turkey
- Died: September 14, 407 AD, Comana Pontica
Dr. Matthew Bunson discusses St. John Chrysostom, one of the greatest Doctors of the Church, known as the “golden-mouthed” for his extraordinary eloquence. Born in Antioch in 347, he was raised by his devout mother Anthusa after his father’s early death. She instilled a deep love of the faith and guided him toward an exceptional education. Under the famous pagan teacher Libanius, John excelled in rhetoric and literature, becoming his most gifted pupil. Yet, instead of pursuing a brilliant secular career, John was drawn more fully into the Christian faith, combining his rhetorical brilliance with theology, prayer, and ascetic practice. His early years were marked by rigorous study, memorization of Scripture, fasting, and even periods of eremitical life, all of which prepared him for a greater mission within the Church.
Ordained a deacon in 381 and a priest in 386, John became renowned in Antioch for his powerful preaching, particularly during the “revolt of the statues” when his homilies helped the city avert imperial punishment. His fearless call for conversion and reform soon brought him to Constantinople as archbishop in 397. There, he rejected pomp, redirected Church wealth toward the poor, and spoke boldly against corruption, extravagance, and moral laxity, even at the imperial court. His pastoral vision, love for Scripture, and unflinching proclamation of truth made him both revered and controversial, setting the stage for his enduring legacy as one of the Church’s most luminous teachers.
Discerning Hearts Reflection Questions
- How does St. John Chrysostom’s example challenge me to use my talents for God rather than for personal gain?
- In what ways am I called to combine study, prayer, and action in my spiritual life?
- How do I respond when the Gospel confronts the comforts or values of the culture around me?
- What role has my family played in nurturing my faith, and how do I honor that gift?
- Am I attentive to the poor and vulnerable in the way St. John Chrysostom urged his flock to be?
- How might I cultivate both eloquence in speech and integrity in living the faith?
- Do I embrace times of silence and sacrifice as preparation for God’s greater work in me?
- How do I balance respect for authority with the courage to speak truth when it is needed?
From Vatican.va, an excerpt from the teachings of Pope Benedict XVI General Audience 2009
“Dear Brothers and Sisters,
This year is the 16th centenary of St John Chrysostom’s death (407-2007). It can be said that John of Antioch, nicknamed “Chrysostom”, that is, “golden-mouthed”, because of his eloquence, is also still alive today because of his works. An anonymous copyist left in writing that “they cross the whole globe like flashes of lightening”.
Chrysostom’s writings also enable us, as they did the faithful of his time whom his frequent exiles deprived of his presence, to live with his books, despite his absence. This is what he himself suggested in a letter when he was in exile (To Olympias, Letter 8, 45).
He was born in about the year 349 A.D. in Antioch, Syria (today Antakya in Southern Turkey). He carried out his priestly ministry there for about 11 years, until 397, when, appointed Bishop of Constantinople, he exercised his episcopal ministry in the capital of the Empire prior to his two exiles, which succeeded one close upon the other – in 403 and 407. Let us limit ourselves today to examining the years Chrysostom spent in Antioch.
He lost his father at a tender age and lived with Anthusa, his mother, who instilled in him exquisite human sensitivity and a deep Christian faith.
After completing his elementary and advanced studies crowned by courses in philosophy and rhetoric, he had as his teacher, Libanius, a pagan and the most famous rhetorician of that time. At his school John became the greatest orator of late Greek antiquity.
He was baptized in 368 and trained for the ecclesiastical life by Bishop Meletius, who instituted him as lector in 371. This event marked Chrysostom’s official entry into the ecclesiastical cursus. From 367 to 372, he attended the Asceterius, a sort of seminary in Antioch, together with a group of young men, some of whom later became Bishops, under the guidance of the exegete Diodore of Tarsus, who initiated John into the literal and grammatical exegesis characteristic of Antiochean tradition.
He then withdrew for four years to the hermits on the neighbouring Mount Silpius. He extended his retreat for a further two years, living alone in a cave under the guidance of an “old hermit”. In that period, he dedicated himself unreservedly to meditating on “the laws of Christ”, the Gospels and especially the Letters of Paul. Having fallen ill, he found it impossible to care for himself unaided, and therefore had to return to the Christian community in Antioch (cf. Palladius, Dialogue on the Life of St John Chrysostom, 5).”
For more visit Vatican.va
For more from Dr. Matthew Bunson, check out his Discerning Hearts page.
Dr. Matthew E. Bunson is a Register senior editor and a senior contributor to EWTN News. For the past 20 years, he has been active in the area of Catholic social communications and education, including writing, editing, and teaching on a variety of topics related to Church history, the papacy, the saints and Catholic culture. He is faculty chair at Catholic Distance University, a senior fellow of the St. Paul Center for Biblical Theology, and the author or co-author of over 50 books including The Encyclopedia of Catholic History, The Pope Encyclopedia, We Have a Pope! Benedict XVI, The Saints Encyclopedia and best-selling biographies of St. Damien of Molokai and St. Kateri Tekakwitha.
